🧠 Deep Learning & AI

Master advanced neural networks, deep learning architectures, and cutting-edge AI techniques

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Deep Learning & AI Curriculum

12
Advanced Units
~110
Deep Learning Concepts
30+
Neural Architectures
50+
Research Papers
1

Deep Neural Networks

Master the fundamentals of deep architectures, training, and optimization techniques.

  • Multi-layer perceptrons
  • Backpropagation in depth
  • Activation functions
  • Weight initialization
  • Batch normalization
  • Dropout and regularization
  • Gradient flow analysis
  • Universal approximation
2

Convolutional Neural Networks

Learn CNN architectures for computer vision and image processing applications.

  • Convolution operations
  • Pooling layers
  • CNN architectures
  • Feature maps visualization
  • Transfer learning
  • Object detection
  • Image segmentation
  • Advanced CNN variants
3

Recurrent Neural Networks

Explore RNNs, LSTMs, and GRUs for sequential data and time series analysis.

  • Vanilla RNNs
  • Vanishing gradient problem
  • LSTM architecture
  • GRU networks
  • Bidirectional RNNs
  • Sequence-to-sequence models
  • Attention mechanisms
  • Advanced RNN variants
4

Transformer Architectures

Master the revolutionary transformer architecture and attention-based models.

  • Self-attention mechanism
  • Multi-head attention
  • Positional encoding
  • Transformer blocks
  • BERT and variants
  • GPT family
  • Vision transformers
  • Efficient transformers
5

Generative Models

Study advanced generative techniques including GANs, VAEs, and diffusion models.

  • Generative Adversarial Networks
  • Variational Autoencoders
  • Autoregressive models
  • Flow-based models
  • Diffusion models
  • Style transfer
  • Conditional generation
  • Evaluation metrics
6

Optimization and Training

Advanced optimization techniques and training strategies for deep neural networks.

  • Advanced optimizers
  • Learning rate scheduling
  • Gradient clipping
  • Mixed precision training
  • Distributed training
  • Model parallelism
  • Hyperparameter tuning
  • Training diagnostics
7

Reinforcement Learning Deep Methods

Combine deep learning with reinforcement learning for complex decision-making tasks.

  • Deep Q-Networks (DQN)
  • Policy gradient methods
  • Actor-Critic algorithms
  • Proximal Policy Optimization
  • Multi-agent RL
  • Model-based RL
  • Hierarchical RL
  • Meta-learning in RL
8

Natural Language Processing

Advanced NLP techniques using deep learning for language understanding and generation.

  • Word embeddings
  • Contextual embeddings
  • Language modeling
  • Machine translation
  • Question answering
  • Text summarization
  • Dialogue systems
  • Multilingual models
9

Computer Vision Advanced

State-of-the-art computer vision techniques and applications using deep learning.

  • Advanced object detection
  • Instance segmentation
  • 3D vision
  • Video analysis
  • Neural rendering
  • Self-supervised learning
  • Vision-language models
  • Medical imaging
10

Meta-Learning and Few-Shot Learning

Learn how to build models that can quickly adapt to new tasks with minimal data.

  • Learning to learn
  • Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning
  • Prototypical networks
  • Matching networks
  • Memory-augmented networks
  • Gradient-based meta-learning
  • Few-shot classification
  • Zero-shot learning
11

Neural Architecture Search

Automated methods for discovering optimal neural network architectures.

  • Architecture search spaces
  • Evolutionary methods
  • Reinforcement learning based
  • Differentiable architecture search
  • Efficient NAS methods
  • Transfer NAS
  • Hardware-aware NAS
  • AutoML pipelines
12

Frontiers and Research

Explore cutting-edge research directions and emerging trends in deep learning.

  • Neural scaling laws
  • Foundation models
  • Multimodal learning
  • Causal representation learning
  • Neurosymbolic AI
  • Quantum machine learning
  • Responsible AI
  • Future directions

Unit 1: Deep Neural Networks

Master the fundamentals of deep architectures, training, and optimization techniques.

Multi-layer Perceptrons

Understand the building blocks of deep neural networks and their mathematical foundations.

Neural Architecture Forward Pass Universal Approximation
A multi-layer perceptron (MLP) consists of multiple layers of neurons, where each layer is fully connected to the next. The universal approximation theorem states that an MLP with at least one hidden layer can approximate any continuous function.
# MLP Architecture
mlp_architecture = {
  "structure": {
    "input_layer": "Receives input features",
    "hidden_layers": "One or more layers with nonlinear activations",
    "output_layer": "Produces final predictions",
    "connections": "Fully connected between adjacent layers"
  },
  "mathematical_form": {
    "layer_output": "h^(l) = f(W^(l) @ h^(l-1) + b^(l))",
    "where": "f is activation function, W is weight matrix, b is bias",
    "final_output": "y = W^(L) @ h^(L-1) + b^(L)"
  },
  "key_properties": {
    "expressiveness": "Can represent complex nonlinear functions",
    "depth_vs_width": "Deeper networks often more efficient than wider",
    "parameter_count": "Grows quadratically with layer width"
  }
}

Backpropagation in Depth

Master the mathematical details and computational aspects of the backpropagation algorithm.

Backpropagation Chain Rule:
• Compute gradients layer by layer from output to input
• ∂L/∂W^(l) = ∂L/∂h^(l) ⊗ h^(l-1)
• ∂L/∂h^(l-1) = (W^(l))^T @ ∂L/∂h^(l)
• Activation derivative: ∂L/∂z^(l) = ∂L/∂h^(l) ⊙ f'(z^(l))
Computational Efficiency:
Backpropagation reuses forward pass computations and applies the chain rule systematically. The gradient computation has the same complexity as the forward pass, making training feasible for deep networks.
# Backpropagation Algorithm
backprop_steps = {
  "forward_pass": {
    "purpose": "Compute activations and cache intermediate values",
    "equations": ["z^(l) = W^(l) @ a^(l-1) + b^(l)", "a^(l) = f(z^(l))"],
    "storage": "Keep z^(l) and a^(l) for gradient computation"
  },
  "backward_pass": {
    "output_gradient": "∂L/∂a^(L) from loss function",
    "layer_gradients": {
      "pre_activation": "δ^(l) = ∂L/∂z^(l) = ∂L/∂a^(l) ⊙ f'(z^(l))",
      "weights": "∂L/∂W^(l) = δ^(l) ⊗ a^(l-1)",
      "bias": "∂L/∂b^(l) = δ^(l)",
      "previous_layer": "∂L/∂a^(l-1) = (W^(l))^T @ δ^(l)"
    }
  },
  "complexity": "O(number of parameters) per training example"
}

Activation Functions

Explore different activation functions and their impact on network training and performance.

Key Activation Functions:
• ReLU: f(x) = max(0, x) - most popular, solves vanishing gradients
• Sigmoid: f(x) = 1/(1+e^(-x)) - saturates, vanishing gradients
• Tanh: f(x) = tanh(x) - zero-centered, still saturates
• Leaky ReLU: f(x) = max(αx, x) - prevents dying neurons
Dying ReLU Problem:
Neurons can get stuck in negative region where gradient is always zero, preventing further learning. Solutions include Leaky ReLU, ELU, or proper initialization.
# Activation Functions Analysis
activation_functions = {
  "relu": {
    "formula": "f(x) = max(0, x)",
    "derivative": "f'(x) = 1 if x > 0 else 0",