Security Principles
Learn the fundamental principles that guide network security design and implementation.
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
The CIA triad (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability) forms the foundation of network security. Understanding these principles is essential for designing secure networks and evaluating security controls.
# Core Security Principles
security_principles = {
"cia_triad": {
"confidentiality": {
"definition": "Information accessible only to authorized parties",
"threats": ["Eavesdropping", "Data theft", "Unauthorized access"],
"controls": ["Encryption", "Access control", "Authentication"],
"network_example": "Encrypting data in transit with TLS/SSL"
},
"integrity": {
"definition": "Data remains accurate and unmodified",
"threats": ["Data tampering", "Man-in-the-middle", "Malware"],
"controls": ["Digital signatures", "Checksums", "Version control"],
"network_example": "Using HMAC to verify packet integrity"
},
"availability": {
"definition": "Resources accessible when needed",
"threats": ["DoS attacks", "System failures", "Network outages"],
"controls": ["Redundancy", "Load balancing", "Incident response"],
"network_example": "Implementing failover mechanisms"
}
},
"additional_principles": {
"authentication": "Verifying identity of users and systems",
"authorization": "Granting appropriate access rights",
"accountability": "Tracking actions and maintaining audit trails",
"non_repudiation": "Preventing denial of actions or transactions"
}
}
Threat Landscape
Understand the current network security threat environment and emerging attack trends.
Major Threat Categories:
• External threats: Hackers, cybercriminals, nation-states
• Internal threats: Malicious insiders, negligent employees
• Advanced persistent threats: Long-term, targeted attacks
• Automated threats: Botnets, worms, automated scanning
• Supply chain threats: Compromised vendors or partners
Evolving Threat Landscape:
Modern threats are increasingly sophisticated, persistent, and targeted. Attackers use AI, machine learning, and automation to scale attacks and evade detection. Understanding these trends is crucial for effective defense.
# Network Threat Landscape
threat_landscape = {
"threat_actors": {
"script_kiddies": {
"motivation": "Fame, curiosity, proving skills",
"capabilities": "Low to moderate, use existing tools",
"targets": "Opportunistic, low-hanging fruit",
"threat_level": "Low to moderate"
},
"cybercriminals": {
"motivation": "Financial gain",
"capabilities": "Moderate to high, organized groups",
"targets": "High-value targets, financial institutions",
"threat_level": "High"
},
"nation_states": {
"motivation": "Espionage, political influence, warfare",
"capabilities": "Very high, unlimited resources",
"targets": "Critical infrastructure, government, military",
"threat_level": "Critical"
}
},
"attack_trends": [
"AI-powered attacks",
"Cloud-native threats",
"Supply chain compromises",
"Ransomware-as-a-Service",
"Living-off-the-land techniques",
"Zero-day exploits",
"Social engineering automation"
]
}
Security Frameworks
Learn industry-standard security frameworks and how to apply them to network security programs.
Popular Security Frameworks:
• NIST Cybersecurity Framework: Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, Recover
• ISO 27001: International standard for information