🔷 MemoLearning Object-Oriented Programming

Classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and design patterns

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Curriculum Overview

14
Total Units
~160
Skills to Master
8
Core Units
6
Advanced Units
1

Introduction to OOP Concepts

Understand the fundamental principles and advantages of object-oriented programming.

  • What is Object-Oriented Programming?
  • Procedural vs Object-Oriented paradigms
  • Core OOP principles overview
  • Benefits of OOP
  • Real-world modeling with objects
  • OOP terminology
  • Popular OOP languages
  • When to use OOP
2

Classes and Objects

Learn to define classes as blueprints and create objects as instances.

  • Class definition and syntax
  • Object instantiation
  • Attributes and properties
  • Methods and behaviors
  • Instance vs class variables
  • Object identity and equality
  • Object lifecycle
  • Memory management
3

Constructors and Destructors

Master object initialization and cleanup through special methods.

  • Constructor fundamentals
  • Default constructors
  • Parameterized constructors
  • Constructor overloading
  • Copy constructors
  • Destructor basics
  • Resource management
  • Constructor chaining
4

Encapsulation

Implement data hiding and controlled access to object internals.

  • Data hiding principles
  • Access modifiers (private, public, protected)
  • Getter and setter methods
  • Property decorators
  • Information hiding
  • Interface design
  • Encapsulation benefits
  • Best practices
5

Inheritance

Understand class hierarchies and code reuse through inheritance.

  • Inheritance fundamentals
  • Parent and child classes
  • Single inheritance
  • Multiple inheritance
  • Method inheritance
  • Attribute inheritance
  • Super keyword usage
  • Inheritance vs composition
6

Method Overriding

Customize inherited behavior through method overriding.

  • Method overriding concept
  • Override syntax and rules
  • Runtime method resolution
  • Super method calls
  • Overriding vs overloading
  • Abstract method implementation
  • Method signatures
  • Covariant return types
7

Polymorphism

Achieve dynamic behavior through polymorphic method calls.

  • Polymorphism concepts
  • Runtime polymorphism
  • Compile-time polymorphism
  • Method dispatch
  • Duck typing
  • Interface-based polymorphism
  • Polymorphic collections
  • Benefits and use cases
8

Abstract Classes and Interfaces

Define contracts and enforce implementation through abstraction.

  • Abstract class fundamentals
  • Abstract methods
  • Interface definition
  • Interface implementation
  • Multiple interface inheritance
  • Abstract vs concrete classes
  • Contract programming
  • Design by contract
9

Composition and Aggregation

Build complex objects through composition and understand object relationships.

  • Composition fundamentals
  • Aggregation concepts
  • Has-a relationships
  • Object composition patterns
  • Composition vs inheritance
  • Dependency injection
  • Favor composition principle
  • UML relationships
10

Method Overloading

Provide multiple method signatures for flexible method calls.

  • Method overloading basics
  • Parameter variations
  • Signature rules
  • Type resolution
  • Default parameters
  • Variable arguments
  • Operator overloading
  • Overloading best practices
11

Static Members and Class Methods

Understand class-level members and methods shared across instances.

  • Static variables
  • Static methods
  • Class vs instance members
  • Static initialization
  • Memory allocation
  • Utility classes
  • Singleton pattern
  • Static vs non-static access
12

Exception Handling in OOP

Handle errors gracefully in object-oriented programs.

  • Exception class hierarchy
  • Try-catch-finally blocks
  • Custom exceptions
  • Exception propagation
  • Resource management
  • RAII principle
  • Exception safety
  • Error handling strategies
13

Design Patterns

Apply proven solutions to common object-oriented design problems.

  • Design pattern concepts
  • Creational patterns (Singleton, Factory)
  • Structural patterns (Adapter, Decorator)
  • Behavioral patterns (Observer, Strategy)
  • Pattern selection criteria
  • Anti-patterns
  • Pattern implementation
  • Gang of Four patterns
14

OOP Best Practices and Design Principles

Master advanced OOP concepts and clean code principles.

  • SOLID principles
  • DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself)
  • KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid)
  • Law of Demeter
  • Code organization
  • Refactoring techniques
  • Testing strategies
  • Documentation practices

Unit 1: Introduction to OOP Concepts

Understand the fundamental principles and advantages of object-oriented programming.

What is Object-Oriented Programming?

Programming paradigm based on objects that contain data and code, modeling real-world entities.

Procedural vs OOP

Compare function-based programming with object-based programming approaches and their trade-offs.

Core OOP Principles

Overview of encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction as foundational concepts.

Benefits of OOP

Code reusability, modularity, maintainability, and scalability advantages of object-oriented design.

Real-world Modeling

Map real-world entities to software objects, understand abstraction and representation.

OOP Terminology

Learn essential vocabulary: objects, classes, methods, attributes, instances, and more.

Popular OOP Languages

Survey of Java, C++, Python, C#, and other object-oriented programming languages.

When to Use OOP

Identify scenarios where object-oriented programming is most beneficial and appropriate.

Unit 2: Classes and Objects

Learn to define classes as blueprints and create objects as instances.

Class Definition

Write class declarations with proper syntax, understand class as a template for objects.

Object Instantiation

Create object instances from classes, allocate memory, and initialize object state.

Attributes and Properties

Define data members that store object state, understand instance and class attributes.

Methods and Behaviors

Implement functions within classes that define object behavior and operations.

Instance vs Class Variables

Distinguish between per-object data and shared class-level data storage.

Object Identity

Understand object references, identity comparison, and equality testing.

Object Lifecycle

Track objects from creation through usage to destruction and garbage collection.

Memory Management

Understand heap allocation, reference counting, and automatic memory management.

Unit 3: Constructors and Destructors

Master object initialization and cleanup through special methods.

Constructor Fundamentals

Special methods called during object creation to initialize object state properly.

Default Constructors

No-parameter constructors that provide default initialization for objects.

Parameterized Constructors

Constructors that accept arguments to customize object initialization during creation.

Constructor Overloading

Multiple constructors with different parameter signatures for flexible object creation.

Copy Constructors

Create new objects as copies of existing objects, handle deep vs shallow copying.

Destructor Basics

Cleanup methods called when objects are destroyed to release resources.

Resource Management

Properly manage memory, file handles, and other resources through constructor/destructor pairs.

Constructor Chaining

Call one constructor from another to avoid code duplication and ensure consistent initialization.

Unit 4: Encapsulation

Implement data hiding and controlled access to object internals.

Data Hiding Principles

Hide internal implementation details while exposing only necessary public interfaces.

Access Modifiers

Control visibility with private, public, and protected access levels for class members.

Getter and Setter Methods

Provide controlled access to private data through accessor and mutator methods.

Property Decorators

Use language features like @property to create Pythonic getter/setter implementations.

Information Hiding

Separate what a class does from how it does it, enable implementation changes.

Interface Design

Create clean, minimal public interfaces that hide complexity and promote ease of use.

Encapsulation Benefits

Maintainability, debugging ease, and code organization advantages of proper encapsulation.

Best Practices

Guidelines for effective encapsulation: minimize public interface, validate inputs, maintain invariants.