🔗 ORMs (Object-Relational Mapping)

Master database abstraction layers, model relationships, and query optimization

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ORMs (Object-Relational Mapping) Curriculum

12
ORM Units
~35
ORM Concepts
8+
ORM Tools
Prisma/Sequelize
Frameworks
1

ORM Fundamentals

Learn the core concepts of Object-Relational Mapping and database abstraction.

  • What are ORMs?
  • Object-relational impedance mismatch
  • ORM benefits and drawbacks
  • Active Record vs Data Mapper
  • ORM vs Query Builders
  • Database abstraction layers
  • Model-driven development
  • ORM selection criteria
2

Database Models & Entities

Define database models, entities, and their mapping to database tables.

  • Model definition concepts
  • Entity classes
  • Attributes and properties
  • Data types mapping
  • Table and column naming
  • Primary and foreign keys
  • Constraints and validations
  • Model annotations
3

Sequelize ORM

Master Sequelize, the popular Node.js ORM for SQL databases.

  • Sequelize setup and configuration
  • Model definition
  • Database connections
  • CRUD operations
  • Query methods
  • Associations
  • Validations and hooks
  • Transactions
4

Prisma ORM

Learn Prisma, the modern database toolkit with type-safe client generation.

  • Prisma schema definition
  • Prisma Client generation
  • Database introspection
  • Type-safe queries
  • Prisma Studio
  • Database seeding
  • Multi-database support
  • Real-time subscriptions
5

Relationships & Associations

Model complex relationships between entities and manage associations.

  • One-to-One relationships
  • One-to-Many relationships
  • Many-to-Many relationships
  • Self-referencing associations
  • Polymorphic associations
  • Eager vs lazy loading
  • Cascading operations
  • Relationship queries
6

Querying & Query Building

Build complex queries using ORM query builders and methods.

  • Query builder patterns
  • Filtering and conditions
  • Sorting and ordering
  • Pagination techniques
  • Aggregation queries
  • Subqueries
  • Raw SQL integration
  • Dynamic query building
7

Migrations & Schema Management

Manage database schema changes through migrations and versioning.

  • Migration concepts
  • Schema versioning
  • Migration files
  • Up and down migrations
  • Data migrations
  • Migration rollbacks
  • Environment-specific migrations
  • Migration best practices
8

Validations & Constraints

Implement data validation and database constraints through ORM features.

  • Model validations
  • Built-in validators
  • Custom validation rules
  • Database constraints
  • Unique constraints
  • Foreign key constraints
  • Check constraints
  • Validation error handling
9

Advanced ORM Features

Explore advanced ORM capabilities like hooks, events, and middleware.

  • Model hooks and lifecycle
  • Before/after callbacks
  • Event systems
  • Model middleware
  • Virtual attributes
  • Computed properties
  • Model scopes
  • Plugin architectures
10

Performance Optimization

Optimize ORM performance through caching, query optimization, and best practices.

  • N+1 query problem
  • Eager loading strategies
  • Query optimization
  • Connection pooling
  • Caching mechanisms
  • Batch operations
  • Index utilization
  • Performance monitoring
11

Testing with ORMs

Test ORM models, relationships, and database interactions effectively.

  • Unit testing models
  • Integration testing
  • Database test setup
  • Test data factories
  • Mocking ORM operations
  • Transaction rollbacks
  • Test database isolation
  • Performance testing
12

ORM Best Practices

Learn industry best practices for ORM usage in production applications.

  • ORM design patterns
  • Repository pattern
  • Unit of Work pattern
  • Error handling strategies
  • Security considerations
  • Multi-tenancy support
  • Microservices with ORMs
  • Production deployment

Unit 1: ORM Fundamentals

Learn the core concepts of Object-Relational Mapping and database abstraction.

What are ORMs?

Understand Object-Relational Mapping and how it bridges the gap between objects and databases.

Abstraction Mapping Objects Database
Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) is a programming technique that lets you query and manipulate data from a database using an object-oriented paradigm. ORMs provide a high-level abstraction layer over raw SQL.
ORM Benefits